Students' reports, essays and final diploma are written in scientific language. However, many are unfamiliar with scientific language, so they make mistakes while writing works. To prevent this from happening again, read this article!
Features of the scientific style
Scientific style is a functional style of speech used in scientific and academic environments to convey information and research results. It is featured by objectivity and neutrality, so the personal opinions and subjective assessments of the authors are usually excluded or formulated in the form of reasoned conclusions.
Texts should be written accurately and clearly. Terms and concepts are used strictly in a certain meaning. When writing a scientific text, it is necessary to indicate the sources of information, citations and compile a bibliographic list.
Usually, this style is used in scientific circles: at seminars, conferences, lectures and other events, and textbooks, manuals, theses and reports are also written in scientific language. There are several rules that the scientific style implies:
- Texts should be logical and consistent;
- Information is accurate, supported by evidence;
- Scientific terms are mandatory, but no more than 20% of the total text;
- You can't go into abstraction, examples must be clear!
- Information should be presented in the format of a monologue;
- It is better not to use verb forms, it is recommended to use more nouns;
- There is no need to write long sentences — they should be moderately short, but voluminous in meaning;
- Vocabulary should be neutral, without proverbs, metaphors and vague examples;
- Direct word order and sequential presentation are mandatory.
Write the text clearly, understandably, try to remove all the "water".
What is the difference between scientific texts?
The scientific style includes several types, each of which is used in different situations:
- Proper scientific. It is used to convey research results and theoretical generalizations, includes a strict and formal structure;
- Scientific and educational. It is applied in teaching materials and educational literature, adapted for teaching students and learners, uses less formal language for accessibility;
- Popular science. It is aimed at a wide audience, popularizes scientific knowledge;
- Scientific and technical. It is used in technical and applied literature, aimed at specialists in a particular field;
- Scientific and informational. It is used to disseminate scientific information and data, includes annotated bibliographies, abstracts and reviews;
- Scientific and business. It is used to write documentation, contracts and instructions.
To write the text you need, selection of the desired subtype is required.
Text structure
The scientific presentation, as we have already said, should be clear, so you need to adhere to a structure based on description, reasoning and agreement – this helps to present the research systematically and logically.
- The description is given to reveal the problem, emphasizing its uniqueness.
- During the discussion, they talk about the strengths and weaknesses of existing research, the need for research based on the analysis of literature is argued.
- Then there is a narration: here it is sequentially talked about the problem under study, its stages of development and scientific justifications.
It is better to write texts based on the structure. First, there is a description of existing research and identified problems, then the theoretical part is written: a statement of key concepts, theories and models used in the report. At the end, you need to summarize the results of the study and formulate the main conclusions.
Writing scientific texts is quite difficult, but with a little practice and understanding the basic rules, you can quickly make high-quality reports and speeches!
