During its existence, the human race in all its manifestations sought to create comfortable, safe and comfortable homes that would contribute to protection from weather phenomena, wild animals and other bipeds - as the most dangerous enemy.
Taking into account the different conditions of the climate, the available material and the degree of its availability and ease of processing, traditions and religious customs, the national variations of the "people's houses", traditional, are very different from one another. Even today, you can easily find amazing and original projects that can compete with the works of geniuses of engineering and technical thought. They can be mounted on high and thin piles, hang from trees like bird nests, hide underground or hide among rocks.
Indonesian tree houses
On the territory of this island country lives the Korowai tribe. They prefer to walk in their original form, without bothering with clothes (the weather allows), and feel great on the tops of trees, where they equip themselves at a ten-meter height of comfortable (by Indian standards) houses, terraces and public spaces.
The construction of such a house, designed to protect against other people and predatory creatures that live in abundance in the rainforest, begins with pruning the upper part of the roof. Then, skillfully using as a material woven from natural fibers ropes and flexible branches, the locals form a rounded dwelling for the whole family. The area of such a "nest" is about 20-30 square meters, more than enough for overnight stays and storage of a small scarb.
Between some houses make decks of boards. The tribe does not use saws, so the whole tree is spent on the manufacture of the board - excess fibers are clawed with the help of axes.
Irish Water Houses
The Irish are provided with literally everything: luxurious nature, brilliant culture, great history, vivid evidence of which are numerous castles, Catholic churches and medieval fortresses with cities.
True, this hilly country is also rich in water - in spring and early summer there are floods, and heavy rains sometimes cause real floods. Now this is fought with the help of drainage, and in ancient times houses were either built on elevations or used piles, driving them into the soil and erecting dwellings on the upper platforms.
Similar dwellings, bearing the names of the Crannangs, are found on the Green Island and now - especially on the shores of ponds and lakes. Usually they were built of wood, but there were other materials. There are even mentions of a few stone ones! Powerful and high – up to eight meters – supports allowed people inside to feel safe. It was possible to get inside such a house only with the help of water transport, boat or ferry; enemies, intruders and animals did not pose a danger to its inhabitants, and good ventilation provided durability.
Stone houses kazhun
This structure comes from Croatia and is a cylinder descending into a cone. All stones are installed in lapping, without the use of bonding solutions. Thanks to the successful aerodynamics of the building, it easily resists strong winds and bad weather, specially laid stones lie firmly even hundreds of years after construction. Studies using ultrasound allow us to assert that the total service life of such buildings in traditional conditions for South-Eastern Europe exceeds a thousand years.
The only thing: inside is damp, and gloomy.
Monastic ÄŒochans
The closest relatives of the Cajuns are the Klochans. They are a dome of a similar design. Similar technologies dating back to the XIII-XIV centuries are used in the construction.
Powerful walls, often with buttresses, allow such houses to withstand strong winds and powerful snowfalls, protect them from predatory animals. Similar projects can be found in other countries of Eastern Europe, in the mountains of Turkey (formerly inhabited by Kurds and Armenians), Western Asia and other regions where stone was the dominant building material.
