For partners 
The labor market is changing faster than ever before. The reasons for this are several powerful processes of our time: technological development, the spread of AI, pressure on natural resources, demographic shifts, and general instability in the global economy. According to estimates by the World Economic Forum, by 2030 around 170 000 000 new jobs will appear in the labor market, but at the same time approximately 92 000 000 existing ones will disappear — in other words, almost every fourth current position may become a thing of the past.
What matters is not only that some professions are disappearing while others are emerging — the very logic of the economy is changing: money and attention are flowing into new industries that until recently were considered niche or research-oriented. This refers primarily to biotechnology, space, new agricultural technologies, and next-generation resource extraction: these are the areas where the main demand for the specialists of the future will be formed.
New medicine: treatment is becoming personal
One of the most notable transformations is taking place in medicine: it is gradually moving away from universal solutions toward a personalized approach, where treatment is tailored to a specific individual. Today, companies are emerging that use artificial intelligence to analyze vast amounts of patient data and can detect diseases before symptoms appear. New clinics are already using comprehensive blood tests, genetic studies, and full-body scans to build individual health and longevity strategies.
Genetic technologies are also becoming more accessible: decoding the human genome is gradually becoming cheaper, slowly approaching the cost of standard medical tests. Whole-genome testing can now be done for approximately $80, which opens the way for mass genetic diagnostics that help identify predispositions to diseases in advance and reduce the risk of their development.
The next step is gene-editing technologies such as CRISPR: they allow DNA to be corrected and potentially eliminate the causes of hereditary diseases. There are already the first approved therapies, for example for the treatment of sickle cell anemia.
In parallel, AI diagnostics is developing: algorithms analyze scans and studies faster than humans and detect pathologies with high accuracy. In some cases, the accuracy of such systems reaches 90%+!
Another area is regenerative medicine. Technologies for 3D bioprinting of tissues and organs already exist, and there have been cases of successfully growing and implanting tissues from a patient's own cells (for example, an ear auricle).
All of this is complemented by wearable devices — from fitness trackers to medical sensors that monitor the body's condition around the clock. In the future, digital human models for testing treatments may emerge based on them.
What specialists will be needed in medicine in the coming decades?
- Genetic engineers and CRISPR specialists — essentially «DNA editors» who work with genetic errors and hereditary diseases,
- 3D bioprinting specialists — create tissues and organs, managing the process from cellular materials to finished biostructures,
- Robotic surgery operators — remotely control surgical systems, performing complex procedures with the highest precision,
- Medical data analysts — work with vast amounts of information, helping to predict epidemics and identify patterns in diseases.
- Healthcare cybersecurity specialists — protect medical data and equipment that patients' lives literally depend on.
Food and agriculture: how to feed a growing population
By 2050, about 9.7 billion people may be living on Earth. To feed everyone, food production must grow by approximately 60–70%. But the problem is that resources are limited: agriculture already consumes up to 90% of fresh water in some regions, and many areas have directly faced its shortage. Additional pressure is created by soil degradation, urbanization, depletion of marine resources, and climate change. At the same time, the agricultural sector itself is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions.
That is why the industry is actively changing: precision farming technologies, automation, vertical farms, and biotechnologies are being introduced, and alternative protein sources are emerging — for example, plant-based or lab-grown meat.
Accordingly, the future professions in the agricultural sector are:
- Data analytics agronomist — uses satellites, drones, and sensors for precise crop management,
- Vertical farm operator — manages «urban farms» where plants grow in multi-level systems with automatic control of light and water,
- Alternative protein developer — creates products without the use of animals, including cultivated meat,
- Biotechnologist-agronomist — develops new resilient plant varieties protected against heat, pests, and water scarcity.
Space: from the scientific sphere to industry
The space industry is ceasing to be exclusively government-run and purely scientific — private companies are playing an increasingly significant role, launching rockets, putting satellites into orbit, and developing orbital infrastructure. Today, satellites provide navigation, communications, weather forecasting, and Earth monitoring; without them, the development of modern digital services and the global internet is impossible.
In parallel, the extraction of minerals in space is being discussed — rare metals and resources that can be used in energy and high technology. There are also bolder ideas, for example, the production of materials in zero-gravity conditions: the possibility of creating ultra-efficient optical fiber in space and even growing biomaterials for medicine is already being considered.
Space tourism is also developing: suborbital flights may become more accessible, and in the future, orbital stations for leisure are being promised.
New space professions:
- Space construction engineer — assembles structures in orbit using robotic systems,
- Cosmonaut engineer — services equipment in space and resolves technical challenges in extreme conditions,
- Satellite systems operator — manages orbital constellations and monitors their operation,
- Space medicine specialist — studies the effect of space on the human body,
- Bioregenerative systems engineer — creates closed-loop ecosystems for life in space,
- Digital twin developer — models space systems in a virtual environment to predict their behavior.
Resource extraction: the transition to a «smart» and environmentally friendly industry
Modern industry is increasingly dependent on rare metals: lithium, cobalt, copper, and other elements needed for electronics, energy, and transportation. But the problem is that the reserves of these resources are limited, and extracting them is becoming more difficult and expensive, which is why interest in recycling electronic waste is growing. Already today, millions of tons of old equipment are becoming a source of valuable materials. Companies are beginning to build entire recycling systems to return metals back into production. Environmental requirements are also tightening: mining companies are obliged to reduce environmental damage and control emissions, using sensors, drones, and digital deposit models for this purpose.
A separate area is bioextraction, where microorganisms help extract metals from ore in a more environmentally friendly way.
Future professions in the extractive industry are:
- Closed-loop extraction engineer — designs environmentally friendly schemes for deposit development and land reclamation,
- Geoanalytics specialist — searches for minerals using satellite data and artificial intelligence,
- Environmental monitoring engineer — monitors environmental conditions using sensors and drones,
- Biohydrometallurgist — uses microorganisms to extract metals from ore and waste.
What is worth understanding right now
All these changes lead to one thing: the labor market is becoming more technology-driven, more complex, and at the same time more flexible. Familiar professions are disappearing, but new ones are emerging — at the intersection of science, technology, and analytics. The key skill of the future is not only a narrow specialty, but the ability to work with data and technologies and to adapt quickly to change — it is precisely these competencies that today form the foundation of the professions that will be in demand tomorrow.
